Matthew A. Mulvey

The Mulvey lab aims to define mechanisms by which pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli colonize diverse host niches, persist, and spread in the face of numerous environmental stresses, innate and adaptive host defenses, aggressive competition with other microbes, and exposure to antibiotics. We are especially interested in understanding how intraspecies genetic diversity and bacterial adaptive responses impact host-microbe interactions and the manifestation of variable disease phenotypes. Much of our work is focused on Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC), which are leading causes of urinary tract and bloodstream infections. We have also recently initiated studies to define the pathogenic and survival mechanisms of diarrheagenic strains of E. coli, which are especially problematic and often lethal for children in developing countries. Our ongoing research indicates that even closely related bacterial strains can vary markedly in their ability to cause disease, dependent in part on host and environmental cues, input from neighboring microbes (the microbiota), and the specific gene sets carried by individual pathogens. To understand how environmental and evolutionary forces shape host-pathogen interactions, my lab employs a variety of experimental approaches and disciplines, including microbiology, microscopy, cell and molecular biology, biochemistry, bioinformatics, genetics, and genomics, as well as cell culture, mouse, and zebrafish models of localized and systemic infections. We also work closely with clinicians and bioinformaticists to identify and functionally define specific bacterial factors that impact the onset, progression, severity, and outcomes of diseases, including intestinal and urinary tract infections and sepsis.